Water-cooled piston.



G. D. POGUE.

WATER COOLEDPISTON.

APPucATwN FILED 1ML?, 1915.

GEORGE I). POGUE, 0F

ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

warnen-coman Piston.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. ,25, i916.;

Application led January 7, 1915. Serial No. 966.

To all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, Grenen D. Posen, a citizen of the United Statesi-csiding at St. Louis', Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Water-Cooled Pistons, of which the following is a full7 clear, and exact description, such aswill en able others skilled in the art to which it apy pertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to water-cooled pistons for interna-l combustion engines and other machines, and has for its main object 'to provide a water-cooled pistonvin which the means that conducts the cooling water to and from the water chamber in the piston is so designed that there isl no liability of water leakingI out of same into the crank case or other part of the engine that contains the lubricating oil,vthus impairing the eiciency of the oil. y

Another object is to provide a structure of the .character mentioned that comprises an extensible water conduit which is so designed thatif a leak develops in same this fact will be made known to the operator in charge ofthe engine. y

Another object is to provide a structure I -of the character des`cribed,w\hich is so designed that the leak in the conduit can he stopped by manipulating a device accessible from the outside of the'engine, which devise can be actuated evenwhile the engine is in operation. And still another object is to provide a1 piston that comprises a water space which is completely filled with water and through which cooling water circulates constantly when the piston is in operation.

All@

^ Other objects and desirable features of my invention will be hereinafter pointed out. Figure l ofthe drawings is a vertical sectional view ofy a watencooled piston constructe'din accordance with my invention, that is adapted for use with any kind yof an `engine or machine in which it is essential or desirable to have cooling water circulate through the piston while it is in operation; Fig. 2 is arr enlarged vertical sectional view illustrating a portion of one of the extensible conduits that forms part of my improved water-cooled piston. Fig. 3 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view taken on `the line 3--3 of Fig. l.

My invention, briefly described, consists in a piston provided with. a water space or vchamber that communicates with extensible inlet and outlet conduits, each of which consists of cooperating tubular-shaped members arranged in telescopic relation and constructed in such a manner that there is no liability of water escaping from' the interior of same and entering the crank case or other part of the engine that containsthe lubri eating oil.

In the. preferred form of my invention as herein illustrated the tubular-shaped member that is carried by the piston 4passes through a stuffing boX in a stationary tubular-shaped member `that contains water, and a casing is provided for said sationary meinA ber so as to receive and collect any water that leaks through said stuiiing box after the packing of same has become worn. The condition of said casing, namely, whether or not it contains water, can be ascertained at any time by the operator in charge of the engine by a suitable means provided for this purpose, and means are preferably provided for enabling Athe operator to tighten said stuffing box when a leak develops in same. ll do not wish it to be understood, however, that my invention is limited to a watercooled piston in which the members constituting the extensible water conduits are arranged in the manner just described, for the same results could be accomplished in various other wayswithout departing from the spirit of my invention.

Referring to the drawings which illustrate the preferred. form of my invention, A designates a trunk type piston that is provided adjacent itsv upper end with a water space or chamber l through which cooling water circulates when the piston is in operation. The cooling water is supplied to said water space and conducted away from same by means of two extensible conduits, each'of which is preferably formed by a tubularshaped member 2 carried by the piston and a stationary coperating tubular-shaped member 3 provided at its upper end with a stuffing box 4lthrou'nh which the tube 2 on the piston slides. The tubes 2 are screwed considerable length of the tube and thus reduce the tendency, of the tube to crystallize at the surface line of the piston, due to excessive vibration. Coolingwater is supplied to one of said conduits, which I will term the supply conduit, and which is shown in ,section in Fig. 1, by means of a supply pipe' 5 and is conducted away from the discharge conduit that is shown in elevation in Fig. 1

upperv end fof. the. casing 7 is preferably closed by a eap?a box 9 through which the tubularfshaped member 2 on the piston slides so as t6 eliminate any possibilityof .water escaping `from thelinterior of l.the'conduit into the crank case of the enginein which the casing 7 is arranged, the packing of the stuiiing box 9 operating to wipe off-any moisture .on the movable tube2`which might possibly forms a closure for the stationary tubularshaped 4member 3 which is partlyl filled with water. i

In order that a leak in the-stuffing box will be made -known tothe operator inv charge of the engine I have provided the casing 7 "with a means vwhereby the operator can determine the condition of .said.cas-- ing at any time when the piston isv in' operation. In the'einbodiment of my invention herein shown, said means consistsvoj:I

a discharge opening 10 in the lower end-of the casing. 7, ,through which vwater 'can escape into a pan 11 and drahi'out of 4said pan into a waste pipe 11,`as shown ini Figs..

1 and 3. This is -onlyone of numerous means that may be usedto notify .the yoperator when a leak develops in the'conduit, and therefore Ido not wish it to be understood that my invention'is limited to the means hereinfillustrated that is used for this purpose.' If a leak develops in either of the stufling boxes 4 (m9 the gland nuts of said stuffing boxes can ybe tightened from` the exterior of the engine, even while the engine is in operation, by means ofa rotatable sleeve 12 arranged between the stationarytubular-shaped member 3 and the casing 7 and provided at its upper end with a cap 12 that has holes 12b in same, as;

shown in Fig. 2, that are adapted to receive lugs or projections 13 on the gland nuts of the stuffing boxes 4 and .9. l The sleeve 1 2 l5 formed in the collar from the spirit provided with a stu'Hng sure regulator 6 `ventfthe heated water from backin has been engaged the sleeve can be rotated so as to compress the packing in the stuiing box and thus take up the wear on same.

arious means may be employed for actuating the sleeve 12, the means herein shown consisting of apin or bar 14 shown in broken lines in Fig. 3 that is adapted to be insertedin one of a plurality of holes 16 at the lower end of the sleeve, as shown in Fig. 1. While ltle'sleeve l2 above described forms a convement means for enabling the stuffing boxes 4 and 9 to be tightened from a point outside of the crank case of the engine, and while the piston is in operation, it will be obvious that various other means could be used for this purpose without departing of my invention.

In order that the water space or chamber 1 .of the piston will remain filled with cooling water, I have provided the discharge pipe 6`with a relief valve or preswhich is set to overcome either'the staticI head or the pressure due to momentum of the water, said relief valve 6 opening automatically at each stroke or impulse of the pump which forces the coolleak through the stuffing box 4 and which space constantly iilled with water, the sup- `P .Y

pipe 5-being provided with a check valve' 5, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to preup in saine during the down stroke of t e;pis lton A.. The space in the interiorof the stationary tube'3 constitutes a lhigh pressure cham- -ber in which a relatively great pressure is created by the movement of the tube 2 on the 'downward stroke of the piston A, and in order to relieve or reduce the pressure in this chamber, I have provided each of the conduitswith an air chamber 17, shown in full lines in Fig. 1 and in section in Fig.

-3,` whose.upper end is closed and whose lower end communicates with the interior of the stationary tubular-shaped member 3. By constructing the conduits in this inanner' I reduce to a minimum the liability of packings 4 when the piston is operated at a high speed and provided with pipes or conduits of relatively-smal cross-sectional area for conducting the water into and out p p'water. leaking through the' high pressure v ducted away from the piston, owing to the fact that each of said conduits comprises .a casing or chamber that receives and collects any water which leaks through the stalling boxes 4 in which the tubular-shaped members 2 on the piston slide. Consequently, there is no liability of the cooling water entering the crank case or other part ot' the engine that contains the lubricating oil, thus impairing the elliciency of the oil. lVhile the low pressure stuliing boxes 9 in the tops of the casings 7y or low pressure chambers are not essential to the successful operation of my improved piston, still, l prefer to use them so as to absolutely prevent any possibility of water escaping from the conduits and entering the crank case. The stulling boxes of each conduit can be tightened conveniently from a point outside ol the engine, even while the engine is in operation, and as means are employed for notifying the operator when either of the stulling boxes 4 starts to leak, the leak can be stopped before the packing becomes excessively worn. The air chambers I( are not essential, but, as previously stated, they relieve the pressure on the packing of the stulling boxes 4, and thus reduce the liability of water leaking through said stalling boxes.

Having thus described my invention,

` what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. A wate'ncooled piston provided with an extensible conduit formed by coperating members, one of which slides within the other, the outer member being provided with an expansion chamber, and means for receiving and collecting any water that leaks through the joint between said members.

2. In a water-cooled piston provided with a water space, the combination ot a stationary high pir' `sure chamber that. contains water, a .ubuaushaped member on the piston communicating with the water space in same and projecting into said high pressure chamber, and means for collecting any water that escapes lrom said high pressure chamber through the opening in same in which said tubular-shaped member reciprocates.

3. in a water cooled piston, the combination of a high pressure chamber that contains water, a tubular-shaped member on the. piston that reciprocates in said high pressure chamber, a low pressure chamber surrounding the high pressure chamber and provided with means for wiping olf any water that adheres to the outer surface of the tubular-shaped member on the piston when said member withdraws from the high pressure chamber, and a drain device open to the atmosphere and leading away from said low pressure chamber'.

4. A water-cooled piston provided with an extensible conduit formed by a tubularshaped member on the piston thatprojects through a stalling box into a high pressure chamber that contains water, and a low pressure chamber surrounding said high pressure chamber and provided with a stulling box through which the tubular-shaped member on the pistn passes.

5; mIn a water-cooled piston, the combina.- tion of' a high pressure chamber that contains water, a tubular-shaped member on the piston that reciprocates 4in said high pressure chamber, a low pressure chamber surrounding the high pressure chamber for collecting water that escapes through the opening in said chamber in which said tubu lar-shaped member reciprocates, said low pressure chamber having a drain outlet, and means for enabling the operator in charge of the apparatus to observe the rate of flow ot' the water that drains from said low pressure chamber.

6. ln an engine, the combination of a water-cooled, trunk-type piston provided with an extensible water conduit that comprises a stalling box, and a means projecting into the piston and forming a permanent part of the engine forturning the gland nut of the stulling box so as to tighten same, said means being capable of being operated when the piston is operating.

7. In an engine, the combination of a water-cooled piston provided with an extensible water conduit that comprises a stalling box, and means forming a permanent part of the engine and ope able from the exterior of the engine for turning the gland nut ot the stufling box so as to tighten same.

8. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a water-cooled piston provided with an extensible conduit formed from a tubular-shaped member on the piston that projects through a stalling box in a cooperating tubular-shaped member, and means forming a permanent part of the Inachine and operable from the exterior 'of the cylinder that receives the piston for tightening the gland nut of the stuffing box without dismantling or remov ing any parts ol the machine.

9. A water-cooled piston provided with an extensible conduit formed by a stationary tubularshaped member that projects upwardly into the piston and which is provided at its upper end with a stulling box in which a. cooperating tubular-shaped member on the piston slides, and a device operable from the lower end of 'said stationary member for tightening the gland nut otsaid stutling box.

10. A water-cooled piston provided with i an extensible water conduit formed by a stationary tubular-shaped member that projects upwardly into the piston and which is provided at its upper end with a stalling box that receives a cooperating tubular shaped member on the piston, a casing surrounding said stationary member and provided with stufiing box through which the tubular-shaped member on the piston passes, and means for enabling the gland nuts of either of said stu'ling boxes to be tightened Without dismantling or taking apart any of the elements of the structure.

l1. A water-cooled piston provided with an extensible water conduit formed by a tubular-shaped member on the piston which reciprocates in a closed chamber that contains water, and means for relieving the excessive pressure that is created in said chamber by the displacement stroke of the tubu lar-shaped member on the piston.

13. A water-cooled piston provided with an extensible water'conduit that comprises a tubular-shaped member on the piston, and a vhigh pressure chamber in which said member reciprocates, said high pressure chamber containing water,and an air chamber communicating with said high pressure chamber' for relieving the excessive pressure that is created in same when the piston moves in one direction. y

14. A Water-cooled piston provided with a depending tubular-shaped member that reciproeates in-a high pressure chamber that contains water, an air chamber that communicates with said high pressure chamber and which relieves the excessive pressure created in same when the piston moves in one direction, and a low pressure chamber for receiving and collecting the water that leaks out of said high pressure chamber.

15. A piston provided with a water space, awater supply conduit and a discharge conduit communicating with said space, and a relief valve in said discharge conduit that insures said water space remaining com- .pletely filled with water when the piston is 1n operation Without subjecting the parts to excessive pressure during certain periods in the cycle of operations of the piston.

16. A pistonvprovided with a water space to which water is supplied continually, a discharge conduit leading from said water space, and a relief valve in said discharge conduit that insures said water space re-l maining completely filled with water, but which operates automatically to prevent existence of excessive pressure within said conduits or related spaces.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the resence of two witnesses, this second dav oi) January 1915.

GEORGE D. POGUE.

Witnesses:

WELLS L. CHURCH, GEORGE BAKEwELL. 

